Abstract text: The resurrection plant Boea hygrometrica exhibits a remarkable capacity to withstand extreme water loss and is widely used as a model for investigating plant desiccation tolerance. Desiccation-tolerant plants possess a conserved suite of cellular mechanisms that minimise damage during dehydration and subsequent rehydration. One such strategy involves controlled folding of the cell wall, which preserves plasma membrane–cell wall adhesion during water loss and thereby prevents cell rupture and death. Despite its importance, the molecular basis of cell wall folding remains poorly understood. This study investigated dehydration-induced morphological and biochemical changes in the cell walls of resurrection and non-resurrection plants. Pronounced cell wall structural alterations were observed in the resurrection plant but were absent in the non-resurrection species. Polysaccharide composition, assessed using monoclonal antibodies with CoMPP arrays, found changes in epitope abundance in response to dehydration. Furthermore, significant differences in both monosaccharide and polysaccharide profiles were detected among non-acclimated, acclimating, and acclimated B. hygrometrica plants. Gene expression analyses revealed differential regulation of multiple cell wall–associated pathways during dehydration acclimation. Collectively, these findings underscore the central role of the cell wall in dehydration stress responses and identify potential targets for enhancing drought tolerance in plants.